Below is an alphabetized list of jewelry designers and manufacturers, along with photos of their corresponding maker's marks. Click to enlarge each image. All photos courtesy of Scott Papper, GG, CMA, RGA, AJP, CSMP, CSSP. Thousands of hours have gone into creating this database which is free to you. Any and all donations are greatly appreciated! SDuty Marks. The Sovereign's Head indicated that Duty had been paid on an item. It was struck from 2 nd December 1784 to 30 th April 1890. During this period a variable tax was levied on all silver and gold assayed in Great Britain. In Dublin the Sovereign's Head Duty Mark was used from 1807 and in Glasgow from 1819 .Costume jewelry makers marks database A Maker's is a unique stamp placed on jewelry and watches to ensure the authenticity of the manufacturer. These stamps usually consist of manufacturers' initials, names, or another uniquely representative symbol. Identifying this brand is the first step in determining the value of a jewelry.NativeAmericanJewelry.com encourages guests to learn more about hallmarks along with the artisans that make them by checking out our collection of handcrafted Native American jewelry. The system that most tribes use is a simple series of letters. Typically, a hallmark is the initials of their name, their tribe's name, or some combination of ...Every costume jewelry lover or collector should know that prior to 1955, jewelry designers, makers, and manufacturers could not protect their design under copyright law. So, once jewelry designers were able to use copyright protection under the law to protect their designs, the copyright symbol was added to many costume jewelry maker’s marks. These often have a distinct scrolling on the metalwork and a side opening. When you see one correctly identified as Juliana, they’re easy to spot going forward. Juliana bracelet with olivine and black rhinestones. The back of this Juliana bracelet shows five-link construction. Other pieces present more of a challenge.JEWELRY MARKS - SILVER MARKS & HALLMARKS - PEWTER MARKS:Online guides to identify and date Jewelry, Silver, Silverplate, Pewter, Precious Metals and other Metalware from all countries or periods. This is a partial list from the tens of thousands of Jewelry or Silverware manufacturers and companies or studios that we have included in our ...Oct 31, 2018 - Image result for Identify Jewelry Maker Mark Costume. Oct 31, 2018 - Image result for Identify Jewelry Maker Mark Costume. Visit. Save. From . bing.com. Antique Glass Bottles. Image result for Identify Jewelry Maker Mark Costume. Bing. 619k followers. Antique Glass Bottles. Vintage Glassware. Vintage Plates.This is the 'hallmarks' site map of 'A Small Collection of Antique Silver and Objects of vertu', a 1000 pages richly illustrated website offering all you need to know about antique silver, sterling silver, silverplate, sheffield plate, electroplate silver, silverware, flatware, tea services and tea complements, marks and hallmarks, articles, books, auction catalogs, famous silversmiths ...THE RALPH SINGER JEWELRY CO., Chicago, Illinois — 1921 to present. Mark: Ora was first used in the late 1940s Photo courtesy of Gail Gupton. Mark: Ora Creations. Mark: Ora Originals Photo courtesy Cheri Van Hoover. Founded in Chicago by Oreste Agnini & Ralph Singer.”ORA” is a combination of “Oreste” and “Ralph”.Oct 31, 2018 - Image result for Identify Jewelry Maker Mark Costume. Oct 31, 2018 - Image result for Identify Jewelry Maker Mark Costume. Visit. Save. From . bing.com. Antique Glass Bottles. Image result for Identify Jewelry Maker Mark Costume. Bing. 619k followers. Antique Glass Bottles. Vintage Glassware. Vintage Plates.Welcome to the Makers Mark Database . This site is accessible to current NAJA members only! Please use Username NAJA2022 and the generic NAJA members’ Database Password to Log In. You are encouraged to search through our database of jewelry trademarks and maker’s marks. You can search alphabetically, by trademark, or by distinguishing marks. Mark Maker Dates seen Seen on Comments Daniel Rutty (probably) 1663 Chalice D R (coronet over) 1672 Tankard Unidentified by Jackson Pickford, Ian, ed. - Jackson's Silver and Gold Marks of England, Scotland and Ireland, Antique Collectors' Club, 1997 but noted as having been seen with 1674 & 1675 hallmarks Reid & Sons (David Reid) ...JOIN OUR ONLINE COMMUNITY. Ask our PriceScope members and industry experts for a second opinion or get lost in the thousands of user-shared diamond and jewelry images for inspiration.Our database is an invaluable resource for costume jewelry collectors, offering a wealth of information on some of the most popular and influential jewelry makers. Each entry includes a brief overview of the jewelry maker, their history, and the different hallmarks used.GERMAN HALLMARKS. Since 1888 Germany uses uniform marks for silver and gold. These marks are the "Crescent and crown" (Halbmond und Reichskrone) for silver and the "Sun and Crown" (Sonne und Reichskrone) for gold. In addition the fine content and maker's marks are used. Minimum silver fineness is 800/1000, but 830, 835, 900, 925 and 935 ...DAMIANI Attributed Maker's Mark(s): "Damiani", "D" Information: Founded in 1924 by Enrico Grassi Damiani, in Valenza, Italy. Franchised to over 50 stores as of 2013. Produces fine jewelry and Swiss watches.Welcome to the Makers Mark Database . This site is accessible to current NAJA members only! Please use Username NAJA2022 and the generic NAJA members’ Database Password to Log In. You are encouraged to search through our database of jewelry trademarks and maker’s marks. You can search alphabetically, by trademark, or by …Headquarters. Mailing Address: PO Box 619999 Dallas, TX 75261-6199 Street Address: 2801 W. Airport Freeway Dallas, Texas 75261-4127 (Northwest corner of W. Airport Freeway [HWY-183] & Valley View Lane) Freeman's AuctionThe vast majority of Taxco Silver items or Jewelry were made using Sterling Silver. In general, it is quite rare to encounter silverplated items from Mexico. Sterling Silver in Mexican jewelry ranged from 900 to 980 in pure silver content as expressed in the thousands scale and items were marked accordingly and most often accurately.A fineness mark expresses gold content as numeric proportion to base metal. The fineness of 14K gold, for example, is expressed as .5833. On authentic 14K marks from Italy, this is rounded off to 585. The fineness of 18K gold is .7500; 10K is .4167. Items described as gold filled are made of a base metal to which a layer of gold has been attached.Aug 24, 2019 · Founded in 1967; jewelry manufacturer. Formerly Act II Jewelry; name changed to Lady Remington when Act II was purchased by Victor Kiam in 1986. Act II/Lady Remington is now known as Lia Sophia Jewelry and is a direct sales company. The company was named after Kiam’s granddaughters Lia and Sophia. A jewelry makers mark database is a system of organizing hallmarks, gold stamps, and other markings found inside or on the outside of jewelry pieces. The primary purpose of this type of database is to allow collectors and jewelers to identify a particular piece quickly and easily. Doing so makes it easier for these professionals to determine ... EISENBERG STERLING. 1943-1948. (see Eisenberg in Morning Glory Collects) (see Eisenberg in Jewel Chat) EISENBERG "E" script mark. 1942-1945. Ruth Kamke, the head designer for Eisenberg from about 1940-1972. Ruth Kamke also validated the fact that Eisenberg used. signatures of both the scroll "E" and the block "E".BLACK, STARR & FROST Attributed Maker's Mark(s): "B.S.&F.", "B.S.F.", "Black, Starr & Frost" Information: Black, Starr & Frost was founded in New York City in 1810, and is considered America's oldest continuously operating jewelry firm. They've had many notable clients, such as The Rockefellers, Vanderbilts, Carnegies, Guggenheims, Elizabeth Taylor and Zsa Zsa Gabor.Cloisonné Jewelry - Description. Cloisonné is an enameling technique that imparts vivid color to metal objects. It involves filling the spaces of an outlined design with enamel or another material. The patterns are usually made with bent metal wire. Cloisonné has been widely used on jewelry, decorative home accessories, and practical items ...Maker’s Marks Jewelry Gems & Gemology Index. ABOUT US. Affiliations Sell Your Jewelry Shop Lang Contact Us. AJU NEWS. Submit. Lang Antiques - 309 Sutter Street ...Yes, confirm the rooster is the 950 silver standard mark for Paris 1798-1809 and the head in an oval reserve is the guarantee mark for Paris for the same period. I refer you to the excellent section on French marks right here on this website. Just pull down the World Marks tab on the menu bar at the top of the page.This page of Birmingham Maker's Marks is organized alphabetically by the first letter in the mark. This is an open ended project, new marks are continually added. { note - Many British makers' marks, especially in the 18th & earlier 19th centuries, are nearly identical.UD. Edit. UD Firenze mark on stainless steel Italian charm bracelet link. UD made stainless steel Italian charm bracelet links. Marked Italy or Firenze (Florence). Categories. Community content is available under CC-BY-SA unless otherwise noted.Our database is an invaluable resource for costume jewelry collectors, offering a wealth of information on some of the most popular and influential jewelry makers. Each entry includes a brief overview of the jewelry maker, their history, and the different hallmarks used. We also provide images of the marks so you can quickly and easily identify ... Tanishq – your ultimate destination for gold and diamond jewellery. Explore over 7000+ elegant designs and get the best prices on the latest collections. Visit our website to …A typical set of antique British silver hallmarks showing (left to right); 1.Standard Mark, 2.City Mark, 3.Date Letter, 4.Duty Mark and 5.Maker's Mark. This particular set of marks tells us that this item was made of Sterling, in the city of London, in the year 1789, during the reign of King George III, and by the silversmith Thomas Wallis.Aug 24, 2019 · Napier marketed 14K gold jewelry on a limited scale in the 1960s and the early 1970s. Pieces were usually small: stud, hoop and dangle earrings; diaper pins; delicate brooches. Some pieces had cultured pearls or small diamond accents. All 14K jewelry was manufactured by an outside source. Weiss Jewelry - Description. Albert Weiss gained experience in the jewelry industry working for Coro in the 1930s before starting his own company, Albert Weiss & Co. Inc., in New York City in 1942. Some sources say that he had a factory for manufacturing jewelry, but this has not been confirmed by jewelry historians as factual.Taxco Silver Marks. In the early 1900s, silver bars were just marked ‘sterling’ or ‘silver.’. Sometimes the town of origin was included and often the percentage of silver. Usually, these are standardized to 980, 950, or 925, the latter being the most common. Silver is a soft ore, and therefore it often needs to be mixed with a harder ...J.L. Ellis came on as a partner in 1841, and the name of the business changed to Tiffany, Young & Ellis. In 1853, Charles Lewis Tiffany became the sole owner and changed the name to Tiffany & Co. The business added a variety of colored gemstones, both precious and semi-precious, to their stone stock and won exhibition prizes with their designs ...Updated: Fish Enterprises. Manufacturers of maker of cloisonne and other fine enamel costume jewelry. Information courtesy of Cheryl Breuer. Image courtesy of Karen Thompson 138. De Clemente — Courtesy Lilly Vittetow. 140. Both marks on a Sterling bracelet Courtesy Barb Jackson. 141. Dolsa – on a lamb charm bracelet …VAN CLEEF & ARPELS Attributed Maker's Mark(s): "VCA", "Van Cleef & Arpels", "VC&A" Information: Founded in 1906 by Arthur Van Cleef & his wife, Estelle Arpels in Paris, France. Opened their first New York location in 1929. Known for their extremely ornate, fine quality, custom pieces in platinum, gold and silver with diamonds and gemstones.Jewelry marks, makers and dates reference list Page 2. A through D E through M N through Z. Many thanks to Pat Seal, Bobye Syverson, Cathy Gordon, Janet ... turn-of-the-19th century jewelry maker The Century E.I. Franklin & Co. N. Elm St., Attleboro, Mass. Source: Keystone 1934, page 8: EILEEN FULTON contemporary:ALL jewelry makers mark identification. Join group. A group to identify the makers of any type of jewelry with no restrictions on age (modern, vintage or antique jewelry- anything is acceptable.) Please invite your friends so we can make this an... This also is really helpful if you are trying to date a piece of jewelry. For example, I was recently trying to date a Kenneth Jay Lane brooch and with the help of RCJ, I was able to quickly date this brooch to be from the 1960s to the 1970s. I highly recommend Researching Costume Jewelry if you would like to learn more about a piece you own or ...Jay B. Siegel. Joseph Mazer used this mark from 1946–1981 after leaving Mazer Brothers. The "Mazer Bros." mark was used from the mid-1920s to 1951 (even after 1946 when Joseph left the business). Joseph Mazer also used the "JOMAZ" mark on some of his own company's jewelry.Information: Kay Jewelers, Inc. was founded in 1916 by Edmond & Sol Kaufmann, in Reading, Pennsylvania. It has since expanded, becoming the second largest mall jewelry chain in the United States. Worked primarily in gold, silver, platinum, and other non-precious metals. Attributed Maker's Mar k (s) : "KEE NEZ."Jewelry Maker’s Mark. Poinçon. Pseudo Hallmark. Stamping Act. Trademark. Show. Addorsed. ... American Jewelry Manufacturers. Dorothy T. Rainwater. West Chester PA: Schiffer Publishing Ltd. 1997. ISBN 978-0887401206 Brand Name and Trademark Guide 1994. JCK. Radnor PA: Jewelers’ Circular-Keystone. 1994 ISBN 978-0931744167 …Online Encyclopedia of Silver Marks and Hallmarks. This popular site is highly recommended by avid collectors and antique dealers alike. It has an extensive database helpful for researching silver marks, hallmarks, trademarks and maker's marks on old silver from around the world, especially those used on vintage and antique sterling along with coin silver.Hallmarks are generally set in a horizontal line, slightly less than 1.5mm in height. The most common order of hallmarks from left to right is; sponsor, fineness (purity) and assay office. Other hallmarks after these are optional. Date letter and any commemorative marks for example are optionally added but, you will most likely see these if the ...Antique Jewelry University has an extensive Jewelry Maker’s Marks Database to which new marks are added regularly. You can help build this database by sending in images (of the marks on your fine jewelry) and information to [email protected] Mark Jewellery Studio is a family business specialising in hand-crafted gold and Silver jewellery, repairs and remodelling.Jay B. Siegel. Joseph Mazer used this mark from 1946–1981 after leaving Mazer Brothers. The "Mazer Bros." mark was used from the mid-1920s to 1951 (even after 1946 when Joseph left the business). Joseph Mazer also used the "JOMAZ" mark on some of his own company's jewelry.mark in the industry with our designs and perfection. Over a decade, Rajkot’s jewellery industry is fast evolving from being an unorganized small sector to an organised format …Maker’s Marks are tiny symbols, words, or initials found on jewelry, accessories, objets de vertu, flatware, and other small items that can identify the maker of the piece. Search using our “Search Marks” bar or our three pick lists below (Alpha, Symbol, and, Country).Boddy endeavoured to develop a record of local precious metal maker's marks and their owners. [30] In a series of letters written between 1972 and 1975 he attempted, with variable success, to gain information on the maker's marks of local silversmiths from the SABS, The South African Mint and the Jewellery Council of South Africa.From notable sales to long lost treasures discovered in basements — we cover all the news about antiques and collectibles. Look for it every Wednesday! Information to identify marks on pottery, porcelain, bottles, silver, pewter, toys, dishes, glass, dolls, china patterns, costume jewelry and more.He is associated with the famous American-Indian Navajo family of Silver & Jewelry Artisans by the same last name (Begay), and in fact he is the nephew of ROLAND BEGAY, one of the pioneers of that family in the Jewelry business. He lived in Jones Ranch, NM, and is of Navajo descent. He worked during ca 1960s - 1970s, which appears to coincide ...Jewelry Hallmark or Makers Mark Info. ekmadonna. Rockstar. (2697 ) View listings. Options. 01-15-2019 07:33 PM. I agree with squinkercat, ILLUSIONJEWELS is the best site by far for costume jewelry makers marks. Message 6 of 17. latest reply.Native American Indian Jewelry Hallmark Identification. Below find our online image database of Native American jewelry hallmarks we have collected and photographed over the years. You may search by hallmark, picture mark, shop mark, or by the artist's name to identify a maker. We will continue to add to our database as time allows.These often have a distinct scrolling on the metalwork and a side opening. When you see one correctly identified as Juliana, they’re easy to spot going forward. Juliana bracelet with olivine and black rhinestones. The back of this Juliana bracelet shows five-link construction. Other pieces present more of a challenge.Brighton. Edit. Brighton Heart Tag. Brighton was founded in 1991 in California; they make quality costume jewelry and some sterling pieces, as well as handbags and other accessories. Symbols: Heart. Categories.JEWELRY MARKS - SILVER MARKS & HALLMARKS - PEWTER MARKS: Online guides to identify and date Jewelry, Silver, Silverplate, Pewter, Precious Metals and other Metalware from all countries or periods This is a partial list from the tens of thousands of Jewelry or Silverware manufacturers and companies or studios that we have included in our ...WorthPoint Marks: The Internet’s largest database of searchable hallmarks and makers marks. Find your mark: You are looking at a maker’s mark on an item and want to know more about it. Identify your mark: You find the mark in WorthPoint’s Marks database, which can tell you a lot about your item: what it is made out of, where it was made, when …An 18K gold piece has a European markage of 785, a piece of 24K has a markage of 999 or 1,000, indicating 100 percent pure gold. Since jewelry made in Italy may have the markage number, rather than the karat number, it is essential to know how karats correspond to markage. Siting sources like Gemologica.com can provide guidance.Information: The International Gemological Institute (IGI) is an independent diamond grading lab that was founded in 1975, in Antwerp, Belgium. International Gemological Institute. IMPERIAL. Attributed Maker's Mar k (s): "IWI", "IPS", "Imperial". Information: Imperial was founded in 1917 by Joseph Gladstone, and was later renamed Imperial Pearl ... Founded in 1967; jewelry manufacturer. Formerly Act II Jewelry; name changed to Lady Remington when Act II was purchased by Victor Kiam in 1986. Act II/Lady Remington is now known as Lia Sophia Jewelry and is a direct sales company. The company was named after Kiam’s granddaughters Lia and Sophia.Makers' Marks & Hallmarks on British & Irish Silver. Use the links below to go to the section you want. Makers' Marks. Quick Makers' Marks. Hallmark Identification [Date Letters] Scottish Provincial Marks Identification. Please report errors and potential updates via my Contact form. Note that coverage of Scottish provincial marks is far from ...Gene & Martha Jackson: Navajo. Hallmarks: JACKSON inside a hogan or just Jackson. Martha and Gene Jackson are Navajo silversmiths from Arizona. They have been making beautiful handcrafted sterling silver jewelry since the 1980s. They are featured in many Native American jewelry books and have won many awards. Martha is now deceased.CORUM Attributed Maker's Mark(s): "Corum", Key Pictomark Information: Montres Corum Sàrl, more commonly referred to as Corum, is a luxury watchmaker that was founded in 1955 by Gaston Ries and René Bannwart, in La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland.Corum's signature design was a watch that was made from an actual $20 gold coin.If a ring has just got the letter R stamped on it what does it mean please. Rating. R 14k. by: Anonymous. I have a cuff kink and tie clip, with the same mark "R". However on my tie clip it also has the "r" and "Robbins". I believe the "r" stands for Robbins. Rating. The Letter R & Enos Richardson & Co.Our main marks identification reference guides display all images of marks of a similar shape on a single page and is super easy to use. It includes reproductions or fake marks on recent imports, which are shown side-by-side authentic ones for quick visual comparison. You can locate your porcelain or silver or jewelry marks by simply browsing similarly …Native American silversmiths and other jewelry artists use hallmarks to sign their work. A hallmark is signature stamp embedded in the metal of a piece of jewelry or metal art. This a directory of Native American jewelry hallmarks and has been arranged in alphabetical order. A Hallmarks. B Hallmarks. C Hallmarks.Hallmarks & Makers' Marks found on antique & vintage Danish silver jewelry, flatware & holloware - Hallmarks of Denmark. Home; American Marks. Main Menu~American; Modernist Silver Marks; Gorham Date Marks; Kirk Date Marks ... Required were: Maker's Mark, Numerical Standard Mark, Assay Mark (three tower), and Assay Master's Initial Mark. The ...Sep 18, 2023 - Explore Janet Marineau's board "Costume Jewelry Marks", followed by 345 people on Pinterest. See more ideas about costume jewelry, jewelry, vintage costumes.American Silver ~ Pictorial Marks • www . 925-1000 . com •• www . 925-1000 . com •• www . 925-1000 . com • Alphabetical Listing by Maker's NameMany pieces were simply marked "Monet" early on, then "Monet©" after 1955. Monet got more creative again in the 1980s with the use of stones and new enameling techniques to create fashion-forward, bold styles. Most of these are marked "Monet" in script lettering. Monet made jewelry for Parisian fashion house Yves St. Laurent in the ...LEROY'S JEWELERS Attributed Maker's Mark(s): "Magic-Glo" Information: The LeRoy Jewelry Co. was founded in 1910 by Henry Shaw, in Lorain, Ohio. LeRoy's Jewelers is under the umbrella of Sterling Jewelers, which itself is a subsidiary of the UK-based company, Signet Jewelers Limited. Works primarily in gold and silver.Learn more about purchasing jewelry at auction from the Invaluable Guide to Buying Jewelry and the Invaluable Guide to Jewelry Marks. Show More. Recommended Items at Auction See all items. Oct 19, 6:00 PM EDT Vintage Tiffany & Co. 925 Jewelry Charm Bracelet by Mebane Antique Auction. ... Artist Database. Press. Price Archive. Sell on Invaluable ...Began making silver jewelry in 1878. Ceased production of silver articles in 1914 and firm was sold in 1919. UNICORN PRODUCTS CO. INC. — NY, NY — since 1946. Mark: Impression of a unicorn standing on hind legs & the name “Unicorn” inside a circle.Native American Indian Jewelry Hallmark Identification. Below find our online image database of Native American jewelry hallmarks we have collected and photographed over the years. You may search by hallmark, picture mark, shop mark, or by the artist's name to identify a maker. We will continue to add to our database as time allows.Maker’s Marks Jewelry Gems & Gemology Index. ABOUT US. Affiliations Sell Your Jewelry Shop Lang Contact Us. AJU NEWS. Submit. Lang Antiques - 309 Sutter Street ...There are three main types of estate jewelry: Art Organique, Vintage, and Antique. These three types essentially categorize estate jewelry by age. Art Organique describes jewelry from the 20th century to now. Vintage characterizes jewelry that is at least 20 years old. Antique refers to jewelry that is 100 years or older.top ~ town mark of Edinburgh bottom ~ town mark of Glasgow British Hallmarks • Spain 1934 - Present Pentagram is a quality mark indicating a minimum of .915 purity, it is usually accompanied by a maker's mark in a hexagonal stamp or an importer's mark in a triangle. • Sweden 1912 - Present Marks used from mid 18th Cent.- 1912 are very similar.Attributed Maker's Mar k (s) : "JCM". Information: Jacmel Jewelry, Inc. was founded in 1977 in New York City. Has manufactured jewelry for companies such as Disney, Nickelodeon, DC Comics, Hallmark, Sanrio, NFL, MLB, and other jewelry designers. Works primarily in gold and silver. Jacmel. JD modern makers mark. by bookworm » Wed Mar 11, 2009 9:58 am. Many thanks Mike for the contact - JD was apparently the mark of Dix Jewellery, trading as Harrison Brothers & Hewson. They first registered at the London assay office in 1958; their registration expired in 2006. I suspect you have also solved the ownership of another of my posts ...Chinese Export Marks. Danish Hallmarks. David-Andersen Marks. Dutch Hallmarks. Finnish Hallmarks & Makers. French Hallmarks & Makers. Georg Jensen Marks. German Hallmarks. Italian Marks from 1872.Freeman's AuctionHas a searchable database listing hundreds of jewelry makers and, Information: Jewelry designer and manufacturer founded in 1979 by Effy Hematian. Works in gold , It currently has around 12,000 marks and 19,442 pewterers. Compare that wi, SITE MAP - HOME PAGE. German hallmarking system was unified in 1888 ( Decre, Last update on this website: 2020/03 See here >>. initials and picto Hal, A jewelry makers mark database is a system of organizing hallmarks, gold stamps, and other markings found inside or on t, The Antique Jewelry University has an extensive Jewelry Maker's Marks Database to which new marks a, Feb 4, 2017 - AJU Maker's Mark Database | A free, Appeared in ads from 1952, 1954, 1955, 1957, 1961, 1965 and 1, Attributed Maker's Mark(s): "B.S.&F.", &qu, Sep 26, 2017 - Look up designer jewelry maker's marks using thi, Re: Makers Mark S.J. you dont read marks correct - 9, Jewelry History – Jewelry Research – Jewelry Marks – Jewelry Signatu, Nov 28, 2017 - Explore Deliyah winslet's board &qu, Silver and gold jewelry markings are commonly known, Tiffany & Co. - History. Tiffany & Young, co-founded by Cha, after c.1930. decimal standard mark, usually accompanied by a , Makers' Marks & Hallmarks on British & Irish .